The East India Company's border friction with Nepal — raids and counter-raids around Butwal — escalated into full war on 1 November 1814. The British expected a quick victory. Instead they met the most stubborn resistance of any Himalayan campaign of the century.बुटवल वरपरको झगडाले १ नोभेम्बर १८१४ मा पूर्ण युद्ध बन्यो। ब्रिटिशले छिटो जित आशा गरे — तर उनीहरूले सहस्राब्दीकै सबैभन्दा दृढ हिमाली प्रतिरोध भेटाए।
Nalapani / Khalanga — the Finest Hourनालापानी / खलंगा — नेपालको श्रेष्ठ क्षण
At the hill fort of Nalapani (नालापानी) near Dehradun, Balbhadra Kunwar (बलभद्र कुँवर) held out with roughly 600 men — Purano Gorakh Magars and Garhwalis — against a British force led by Major-General Rollo Gillespie, one of the Company's most celebrated soldiers. Gillespie himself was shot through the heart on the first assault, 31 October 1814. Across the siege, the British suffered 690+ dead and 2,100+ wounded — against defenders who ran out of water. When the pipes were cut, 84 defenders signed a pledge to fight to the last. On 30 November, Balbhadra and some seventy survivors charged out of the fort rather than surrender.नालापानीमा बलभद्र कुँवरले करिब ६०० मानिससँग चार हप्ता प्रतिरोध गरे — ब्रिटिश सेनापति रोलो गिलेस्पी आफैं गोलीले ढले। अङ्ग्रेजको ६९०+ मृत्यु, २१००+ घाइते। पानी काटिएपछि पनि ८४ योद्धाले अन्तिम साससम्म लड्ने प्रतिज्ञा गरे।
"Our brave adversary Bul Buddur and his gallant men.
हाम्रा वीर प्रतिपक्षी बलभद्र र उनका साहसी सिपाहीहरू।
— Inscription on the British memorial obelisk at Nalapani — still standing today
Elsewhere: Jaithak, Deothal, Malaonजैताक, देउथल, मलाउन
The war's other heroes carried the fight westward: Ranajor Singh Thapa's garrison at Jaithak inflicted 300+ British casualties in a single day; Bhakti Thapa (भक्ति थापा), in his seventies, was killed leading a charge at Deothal on 14 April 1815 — his body returned by the British with full military honours; and Amar Singh Thapa (अमरसिंह थापा), the grand old commander of the west, surrendered at Malaon on 15 May 1815 after a campaign that had already stopped three armies.जैताकमा रणजोर सिंह थापाका ग्यारिसनले एकै दिन ३००+ अङ्ग्रेज घाइते गराए; भक्ति थापा देउथलमा १४ अप्रिल १८१५ मा साठी वर्षकै उमेरमा अघि लड्दै ढले — ब्रिटिशले पूर्ण सैन्य सम्मानले शव फर्काए; अमरसिंह थापा १५ मे १८१५ मा मलाउनमा आत्मसमर्पण गरे।
The Treaty of Sugauliसुगौली सन्धि
Signed on 2 December 1815 and ratified on 4 March 1816, the Treaty of Sugauli cut Nepal by roughly a third: Kumaon and Garhwal, the western Terai beyond the Kali, the eastern Terai to the Mechi, and claims over Sikkim — all ceded. A British Resident took permanent seat in Kathmandu. And yet the war created a paradox: so impressed was the Company by its adversary that it began recruiting the defeated into its own army in 1815 — the origin of the Gurkha regiments, whose soldiers have carried Nepal's name onto battlefields ever since.२ डिसेम्बर १८१५ मा हस्ताक्षरित, ४ मार्च १८१६ मा अनुमोदित सुगौली सन्धिले नेपालको झन्डै एक-तिहाइ भूभाग काट्यो — कुमाउँ-गढवाल, तराई, सिक्किम-दावी। र आश्चर्य: यही युद्धबाट प्रभावित भएर ब्रिटिशले हारेका शत्रुलाई आफ्नै सेनामा भर्ती सुरु गरे — गोर्खा रेजिमेन्टको जन्म।[1][2]