It began with an assassination: on the night of 13–14 September 1846, the powerful general Gagan Singh Bhandari was shot dead inside his own palace. Queen Rajyalaxmi — Gagan Singh's patron and the de facto power behind the throne — summoned the court to the Kot (the palace armory square) to find the murderer. What followed was one of the most consequential massacres in South Asian history.यो सबै एउटा हत्याबाट सुरु भयो: १३–१४ सेप्टेम्बर १८४६ को रात गगनसिंह भण्डारीको हत्या भयो। रानी राज्यलक्ष्मीले हत्यारा पत्ता लगाउन भारदारहरूलाई कोतमा बोलाइन्। त्यहाँ इतिहासकै ठूलो हत्या-काण्ड भयो।[1][2]
Jung Bahadur Rana (जङ्गबहादुर राणा) — then a young officer whose rise had been meteoric — arrived with his brothers. In the chaos that followed, his faction cut down somewhere between thirty and forty of the leading nobles of the realm, including almost every rival family head. The queen's own faction had engineered the gathering; Jung Bahadur simply made sure that he, and nobody else, was standing when it ended.युवा सेनानी जङ्गबहादुर राणा भाइहरूसहित आए — र अराजकतामा उनको समूहले राज्यका तीर्चा भारदारलाई हत्या गर्यो। रानीको फाइदाको आशा थियो — तर अन्त्यमा उभिएको जङ्गबहादुर आफैं थिए।
The New Orderनयाँ व्यवस्था
Within days Jung Bahadur was prime minister. When Queen Rajyalaxmi — expecting him to serve her revenge on the Crown Prince — discovered he intended to keep the power for himself, she was exiled (1846–50), and King Rajendra fled to Benares in a failed counter-coup. In 1856 Jung Bahadur took the hereditary title Shree Teen Maharaja, decreed the premiership a family inheritance, and confined the Shah king to a figurehead existence — Nepal's kings would be seen at coronations and reviews, and almost never in power, for 104 years.केही दिनभित्रै जङ्गबहादुर प्रधानमन्त्री बने। रानी निर्वासित भइन्; राजा राजेन्द्र बनारस भागे। १८५६ मा उनले प्रधानमन्त्री पद वंशानुगत बनाए — र शाह राजा १०४ वर्षसम्म बल्लभल्लमा अटोइए।
The Muluki Ain — Law as Social Architectureमुलुकी ऐन — कानून सामाजिक संरचनाको रूपमा
Jung Bahadur's most consequential act was legislative. The Muluki Ain of 6 January 1854 (मुलुकी ऐन) was Nepal's first comprehensive criminal, civil and procedural code — and it codified the caste hierarchy into national law, ranking every community into the categories Tagadhari (thread-wearers), Matwali (liquor-drinkers) and Pani Na-chalne (those water cannot touch). The code remained largely unchanged until 1963, and its shadow — legally ranked citizenship — shaped Nepalese society long after.जङ्गबहादुरको सबैभन्दा परिणामी कार्य वैधानिक थियो: ६ जनवरी १८५४ को मुलुकी ऐनले जात-प्रथालाई राष्ट्रिय कानूनमा कोडिफाइ गर्यो — तगाधारी, मतवाली र पानी नचल्ने वर्गीकरणसहित। त्यो ऐन १९६३ सम्म प्रायः अपरिवर्तित रह्यो।
The Europe Tour, 1850–51युरोप भ्रमण — १८५०–५१
In 1850, Jung Bahadur became the first Asian head of government to visit Europe — England, then France. The visit scandalized Kathmandu (his own brother was accused of making advances on the dancing girls of the Veiled Prophet Ball) and transformed the Ranas' architecture, dress and self-image: the palaces of Singha Durbar and the Ranas' neoclassical Manicesque era all descend from that single journey.१८५० मा जङ्गबहादुर युरोप जाने पहिला एशियाई सरकार-प्रमुख बने। त्यो भ्रमणले राणा स्थापत्य, लत्ता-कपडा र आत्म-चित्र पूर्ण फेर्यो — सिंहदरबार र नव-शास्त्रीय दरबारहरू त्यही भ्रमणबाट जन्मे।